Nationalism_and_impact


 * Nationalism and its Impact**

**Background** : It was in the 19th cent. that nationalism became a widespread and powerful force. Nationalism sparked revolutions across Europe. New nations such as Germany and Italy were formed along cultural lines. Absolute monarch fell. Nationalist movements forever changed the map of Europe as well as it's balance of power **Essential Questions** :
 * Who is in and who is out? Who defines which people belong in a national society?
 * Does nationalism unite or divide?
 * Why did a strong sense of nationalism begin in Europe before other parts of the world ?



Preview of Section 1 of Chapter 10, pg 315-319
 * composer of (315) || Music gained a lot of impact after the industrial revolution. I could guess that the importance of it would strengthen competitions between countries for position of best arts. ||
 * Elements of Nationalism (316) || The chart gives an idea of the most important factors of nationalism. Most people take account of more than one of these factors (culture, history, religion, language, territory). ||
 * picture of colosseum (316) || It makes more sense for Romans to have pride in the colosseum, but as Italians are essentially decendents of Romans, they can feel such. In all, this should include much more of Europe as the Roman empire was enourmous. ||
 * map of Italy (318) || Essentially, the Italian revolution started in Sardinia and eventually gained control of present day Italy. Garibaldi led the journey to the bottom of Italy, but it took an unusually long period of time to obtain it all. ||
 * battle scene (318) || It's ironic that this time, the red shirts are the ones fighting for their revolution, unlike that of the American Revolution. The picture depicts a massive loss of life however. ||


 * Nationalism Song **
 * < means contry pride ||< explains revolutions including French Germany ||< caused WWI ||< mesopotamia ||
 * < reason for star spangled banner ||< overthrow king || flags as symbol = buy ||< caused WWII ||
 * < around the world, all nations ||< from ancient times ||< leads to violence due to wars ||< ends peace ||
 * < lit Rome on fire ||< cars are symbol ||< country believes best = kill or end others ||  ||

What would be the most important part of nationalism? Nationalism leads to both peace and war, as countries want to prove their superiority in different ways. With this in mind, a nation's military and flag hold great power, as they represent the nation. Nationalism is timeless and universal, which means that one cannot escape it. With the idea of being superior in every aspect, it includes sports, economy, war, education, and arts.




 * Opener**:

**//What qualities are displayed in the United States Seal? How do they relate to Nationalism?//**
Different qualities of a person are displayed by the seal, such as courage and peace. It is strong belief that these qualities are required for a person to be fully nationalistic and support the country to its fullest.

Togetherness brings unity, 13 colonies for unity as well, eagle with courage and peace willing to fight (war), **heritage** in the stars, banner supports unity and heritage, **simple fact of American**

Both Germany and Italy created their own revolutions and became united as their own countries during the mid 1800s. Nationalism was a strong reason for their development, as they felt it unnecessary to fear or be part of Austria. Italy's development came from three men leading their soldiers to battles. Germany however, did not have as much luck and failed their first attempt in Prussia. The fact that the second attempt worked proves that nationalism allowed Prussia to gain the support necessary to fully obtain their right to a nation. Both Italy and Germany were influenced by France's election of Napoleon III as president. This did not stop them from fighting with France however.



1. ** Analyze ** : How would you describe the political geography of Germany and Italy at this time? Both Germany and Italy are divided into small parts within their own general area. Germany had less parts, which would mean that each are politically tense and probably unwilling to take action, except that of unification. Italy however, had many small "countries" which means that each would be easy to take over or unite. 2. ** Predict ** : Based on the map, what challenges do you think Italy would face as it unified? A major problem with the unification of Italy would be the distance that needs to be covered in order to get from one end to another. Though the total area is not large, traveling would be a hassle, as would convincing each and every one of the many smaller "countries" to unite. Another problem would be either France or Austria attacking the nothern areas of Italy before it manages to unite with the rest and manages to take it over. 3. ** Observe ** : Bases on your analysis of the map, how do you think the unification of Italy and Germany impacted nationalistic feelings in Europe? For both Germany and Italy to unite under the conditions they had must have inspired many of the other nations. These two nations collectively split Europe in half as well. As neither are likely to war due to the disorganization of unification, one can assume that their nation is safe from one side. This allows for the nation to focus on other areas, such as defense or nationalistic goals such as education and arts.

media type="custom" key="11522402"

**Congress of Vienna**

**Unification of Italy**

**Reflection Question:Which of the three men had the largest impact on Italian Unifcation and why? (use evidence from your GO to support your response)**

Mazzini had the largest effect on the Italian unification due to his apparent creation of it. With his pamphlets, he pushed for nationalistic beliefs to form in the minds of the Italians. Not only that, but he also inspired Gerbaldi to join the nationalistic movement, which allowed for the overtaking of most of the land that Italy had to gain to unite.

**1. How did nationalism grow in Italy after the Congress of Vienna?** Following the Congress of Vienna, Mazzini, like many Italians felt that the borders created were unfitting of the nations. As his way to counter the borders, Mazzini's pamphlets called for nationalism to form among the Italians. Cavour aided the nationalistic movement with his paper the Il Risorgimento, which grew popular as well. **2. Identify and explain the social and economic problems faced by the new nation.** The Italian nation did not like the fact that the new capital of their unified nation was Rome. The feelings were mutual from the Pope. With an increasing poverty rate and unemployment, many Italians had emigrated from their country. **3. Identify and explain some of the reforms institued by the new nation** To counter the low number of voters in Italy, the government pushed for more men to vote after the unification. In addition to that, a lack of transportation and industry, the government pushed the growth of transportation and water systems. But they did not believe that child labor was effective. **4. How did Italy's foreign policy change after unification?** Italy would go on to war with Ethiopia and the Ottomans in hopes of gaining land. They lost to the Ethiopians however in 1896. They gained African land from the Ottomans in 1911. Italy also formed alliances with Germany and Austro-Hungary in 1882.

__//**Identify and explain the causes of the Italian Unifcation as well as the positive and negative effects of unification**//__.

The Italian unification was an outcome of several events, including the Congress of Vienna and Mazzini, Cavour, and Garbaldi's actions. The Congress of Vienna took controll of various lands of small nations and gave them to the larger empires, as a means of "preserving past lands". As a result, much of, Italy was scattered. But with the work of both Mazzini and Cavour's nationalistic writings ( pamphlets for Mazzini and the Il Risorgimento for Cavour), Italy began to unify under the idea of nationalism. Following their work, Garbaldi would lead the Red Shirts to battle and gain land from Austria. Soon after, the nation would be ruled under a monarchy that they voted for. With Italy unified, conditions grew unstable. The nation saw its lack of transportaion and water power harmful, and the government pushed for these industries to grow. A counter part however, would be that much of Italy's population suffered from poverty and unemployment. This caused many Italians to emigrate to other countries, such as America. But even with this could not stop the nation from its laws ending long work hours and child employment. Another positive effect of the Italian unification was that of voting power, where the previously rare and expensive act of voting could now be performed by over half the adult males in the nation. Italy also formed alliances with Austro-Hungary and Germany, which resulted in protection of all three until larger wars would form in later years. But as the empires had done to them, Italy attacked other nations and empires, particularly the Ottomans and Ethiopians in an attempt to gain land.

Reflection to Wordle: When speaking of the Italian unification, it would be best to mention who and what are involved. This means that the nations that targetted Italy and Italy itself would be mentioned. Leaders of the Italian unification (Mazzini, Cavour, and Garbaldi) would be included, as well as their most significant characteristics, such as their role and methods. Aside from that, it would be best to mention the reasons for the unification of Italy, such as focus on nationalism and the result of the Congress of Vienna. Some results of the Italian unification was mentioned as well, as history should be studied as a way to connect to the present.

**__ German Unification __** **Content Questions** :


 * What steps did Germany take toward unification?**
 * What was BIsmarck's plan for Germany and how did he hope to achieve it?**
 * How did wars lead to the uification of the German Empire?**
 * In what ways did Germany grow and change after unification?**

Commentary on German Unification Video

no unified Germany even with same culture nationalism = unified states Prussia and Austria both want Otto von Bismarck in Prussia junker class appointed Chancellor 1862 realpolitik- advancement of power in state regardless of means not nationalist Hohenzollerns instead Blood and Iron Speech for military spending unable to take all major and minor nations in the area joined Austria to take Schleswig and Holstein German Confederation after Congress of Vienna ruled by Austria Set war with Austria = win in 7 weeks take northern Germany and influenced the free southern Germany Venezia taken for Italy Remaining power, France, wars in 1871 republic France and annexation of Lorraine and Alsace Wilheim becomes kaiser in 1871, Versailles, destorying Congress of Vienna's balance

junker class- a class of nobility, including those who led colonization in the northeast. Otto von Bismarck was a junker. Realpolitik- Politics and actions done through nationalistic feelings that are more focused on interest for a nation or self than morals or ideals. Blood and Iron Speech- Otto von Bismarck's short speech that shows how facts and manipulation of nationalism can achieve a goal. It was given to gain money for the military when spoken to the committee in 1862, shortly after being appointed foreign minister.

Steps Toward German Unification media type="custom" key="11627780" Reflection: In A pargraph, summarize the key events that led to the unification of Germany **. ** After the Congress of Vienna, the industrial movements of the German states created a need for unification. Seeing this, Prussia created the Zollerin union, which helped the states create the dependancy it needed within one another to come together. Austria was left out in order to create a more stable and self dependent union. But as Denmark tried to take two smaller territories, Holstein and Schleswig, Germany grew outraged, Prince Christian broke the Treaty of London. First waging war with Austria as allies, Prussia defeated Denmark, then waging war with Austria as enemies, Prussia also won. It would gain northern Germany and sets its eyes on France. Also winning against France, Prussia creates a republic and unites Germany for its kaiser Wilhelm in 1871.

Bismarck means that decisions and events come from action, war, violence; not talking.

Two column notes on the book: pages 321-322:

You have been selected to write a biography of Bismarck's political career. Based on your two-column notes, write the introduction to your work ** : ** Bismarck became the prime minister of Prussia in 1862, bringing violence to the German lands for the next several years. As if by fate, Bismarck, a conservative, would come to lead the liberal nationalists of Germany. But with strict and strong military use, Bismarck's army would fight Denmark, Austria, and France in order to obtain and unite Germanic lands lost from the Congress of Vienna. This nationalistic goal was accomplished when the lands of Holstein, Schleswig, Lorraine, and Alsace were taken in through a combination of trickery and war.



1. Why does Bismarck carry people in a bag on his back? 2. 3. Bismarck carries the people as a means to show his impact on the French and how he has control over them.
 * Bismarck is eating a person
 * Bismarck holding a knife
 * He wears plummage on his helm
 * carries bags on him with unknown luggage, save for the people

German's Empire and Growth, pages 323-324

Russia 1. What was governmnet and society like in Russia in the first haf of the 1800s? 2. What were some examples of reform and repression in Russia? 3. How did war and revolution affect Russia in early 19 00s?



1. Question: Why does the man in front appear to be attacking the others? 2. Clues: man looking at others, holding something large flash object below middle of picture, possibly a bomb stagecoach on right side of picture, appearing to move right, very royal appearing, has a seal, late 1700s or early 1800s men on horses, one bucking up 4 men who seem hurt and rushing to do something, armed with swords/knives large building in background, like a mansion bridge has civilians in it. 3.Conclusion: An attempted terrorist attack occurred and men were rushing in order to stop it.

Preview pgs 330 to 334: picutre of 330 = attacks, reactions of the citizens of Russia to the monarch's decisions last czars of Russia = view the change from monarchy to next government type Reform and Repression = Some leaders fail while others are fair Vladimir Lenin = strong socialist and communistic times to come Bloody Sunday + October Manifesto = the people want change and receive it.